Which condition results from a defect in heart structure present since birth?

Congenital heart disease refers to a range of structural heart defects that are present at birth. These defects can affect the heart's walls, valves, and blood vessels, leading to inefficient blood flow and various complications in the cardiovascular system. The term encompasses a variety of specific conditions that can significantly impact the functioning of the heart.

While congestive heart failure, hypertension, and right-sided heart failure can all result from other health issues, such as accumulated stress on the heart or pre-existing conditions, they do not originate from congenital structural defects. Congestive heart failure, for instance, may develop as a consequence of congenital heart disease, but it is not itself a condition that arises due to structural defects present since birth. Similarly, hypertension and right-sided heart failure are typically the outcomes of various heart conditions developed over time, rather than being congenital in nature.

Thus, congenital heart disease is the correct answer, as it specifically indicates a defect in heart structure that has been present since birth.